Masu aikin ƙofofi masu zamiya masu nauyi waɗanda aka ƙiyasta su da allunan ƙofofi masu nauyin 2x250kg tare da injinan DC marasa gogewa na 24V/120W suna samar da na'urar sarrafa kansa mai natsuwa, abin dogaro, kuma mai sauƙin gyarawa wanda manyan abubuwan da ke cikin rumbun adana kaya ke buƙata kowace rana.

Dalilin da yasa Loading Bays na Rumbun Ajiye Kuɗi shine Gwaji Mafi Wuya ga Masu Aiki da Ƙofa

Kofar ɗaukar kaya ta rumbun ajiya a cibiyar rarraba kaya mai cike da jama'a tana buɗewa kuma tana rufewa sau 200-400 a rana - wato zagaye 70,000 zuwa 140,000 a shekara. Kowace zagaye tana sa mai sarrafa ƙofar ta cika nauyin injina: hanzarta allon ƙofar daga sifili zuwa kimanin mita 0.3-0.5 a kowace daƙiƙa, kiyaye saurin gudu akai-akai yayin wucewa, rage gudu zuwa tsayawa cikin sauƙi, da riƙe matsayi akan matsin iska, bambancin matsin iska daga tsarin HVAC, da kuma kurakuran da ba makawa daga zirga-zirgar forklift. Yawancin masu aikin ƙofa na kasuwanci an tsara su ne don zagaye 20-50 a kowace rana a cikin shaguna ko ofis. Sanya ɗaya daga cikinsu a kan rumbun adana kaya, kuma zai gaza cikin watanni 6-12 - Na ga wannan yana faruwa sau da yawa fiye da yadda zan iya ƙirgawa.

Sunana Edison, kuma a matsayina na Manajan Talla a Ningbo Yufan Beifan Automatic Door Co., ina aiki tare da manajojin masana'antu, masu tsara cibiyoyin sufuri, da masu haɗa tsarin ƙofofi a ƙasashe sama da 30 don tantance masu aiki da ƙofofi waɗanda za su iya rayuwa a cikin waɗannan yanayi masu wahala. Bayani ɗaya tilo da ke raba mai aiki da ƙofa na masana'antu da wanda zai zama ciwon kai na gyara shine fasahar mota - kuma musamman, ko injin yana amfani da gogewar carbon don canzawa ko sarrafa lantarki. Bambancin rayuwar sabis tsakanin fasahar biyu ana auna shi da ninki, ba kashi ba, kuma yana fassara kai tsaye zuwa jimlar kuɗin mallakar ƙofar a tsawon shekaru 15-20 na hidimar ginin ƙofar.

Daga mahangar bin ƙa'idojin doka, dole ne masu aikin ƙofa masu nauyi na masana'antu su cika alƙawarin da suka ɗaukaMa'aunin amincin injina na ISOdon ƙofofin masu tafiya a ƙasa da na masana'antu masu amfani da wutar lantarki, da kumaJagororin sarrafa kansa na masana'antu na SAEwaɗanda ke ƙayyade iyakancewar ƙarfi, gano cikas, da buƙatun gaggawa na fita daga aiki. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 24V yana sauƙaƙa bin umarnin aminci na ƙarancin wutar lantarki sosai - ana iya shigar da tsarin 24V tare da hanyoyin wayoyi na ƙananan wutar lantarki na yau da kullun maimakon kebul mai sulke da bututun ƙarfe da ake buƙata ga masu aiki da ƙofofin layin wutar lantarki.

Injinan Brushless vs. Brushed Motors: Shawarar Fasaha da Take Bayyana Rayuwar Sabis

Babban bambanci tsakanin injinan DC masu gogewa da marasa gogewa shine inda canjin wutar lantarki ke faruwa - kuma fahimtar wannan bambanci yana da mahimmanci ga duk wanda ke ƙayyade mai aiki da ƙofa don aikace-aikacen masana'antu masu tsayi. A cikin injin gogewa, gogewar carbon yana matsawa akan mai juyawa na jan ƙarfe don canza alkiblar halin yanzu a cikin naɗewar rotor yayin da motar ke juyawa. Wannan hulɗar injiniya tana haifar da gogayya, lanƙwasa wutar lantarki tsakanin sassan goga da na'urar commutator, da lalacewa mai ci gaba - gogewar a zahiri tana niƙawa tare da kowane juyawa, yana haifar da ƙurar carbon wanda ke gurɓata abubuwan cikin motar. Injin gogewa a cikin mai aiki da ƙofa yana gudana da zagayowar 80,000 a kowace shekara yawanci zai buƙaci maye gurbin goga a awanni 3,000-5,000, ko kusan kowace shekara 2-3 a cikin sabis na ajiya.

Motar DC mara gogewa tana kawar da goge da na'urar sarrafawa gaba ɗaya ta hanyar amfani da na'urar commute ta lantarki - wani microprocessor a cikin na'urar sarrafa motar yana canza yanayin wuta ta hanyar na'urorin stator a cikin tsari mai kyau, yana ƙirƙirar filin maganadisu mai juyawa wanda ke jan rotor-magnet na dindindin. Babu hulɗa ta injiniya, babu gogayya, babu arcing, babu barbashi na lalacewa, kuma babu gurɓataccen ƙurar carbon. Abubuwan da kawai ke lalacewa sune bearings ɗin ƙwallon da aka rufe waɗanda ke tallafawa shaft ɗin rotor, waɗanda aka kimanta na awanni 20,000-30,000 a cikin lodi da saurin da aka saba amfani da su na aikin mai aiki da ƙofa. A zahiri, injin da ba shi da gogewa da aka sanya a cikin mai aiki da ƙofa na ajiya a yau zai ci gaba da aiki cikin sauƙi lokacin da allon ƙofa da kansa ya kai ƙarshen rayuwar sabis ɗinsa kuma yana buƙatar maye gurbinsa.

Tsarin 24V/120W ya cancanci wani bayani, domin watts 120 ya yi kama da mai sauƙi don motsa ƙofar mai nauyin kilogiram 500. Mabuɗin shine na'urar rage tsutsa mai helical tare da rabon 15:1, wanda ke canza saurin fitarwa na motar 3,000 RPM zuwa saurin fitarwa na RPM 200 da ake buƙata don motsi mai santsi da sarrafawa. Rage gear yana ninka ƙarfin injin da kusan sau 12-14 (yana lissafin ingancin gear na 85-90% a cikin saitin gear tsutsa), yana canza 0.38 Nm na injin 120W zuwa kusan 4.5-5.0 Nm a shaft ɗin fitarwa na gear. Wannan ƙarfin fitarwa, wanda aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar gear pinion wanda ke haɗa haƙoran a kan allon ƙofa, yana haifar da ƙarfin layi da ake buƙata don hanzarta nauyin ƙofa 500 kg a 0.3 m/s murabba'i - santsi, saurin sarrafawa wanda ke rage lalacewa akan tsarin ƙofa gaba ɗaya.

Tsarin gear helical da ke cikin akwatin gear yana ba da ƙarin fa'ida fiye da ninka ƙarfin juyi: yana rage hayaniyar aiki da 10-15 dB idan aka kwatanta da watsa gear mai yanke madaidaiciya. Ga wurin ɗaukar kaya a cikin rumbun ajiya inda ƙofar ke aiki sau 300 a rana a cikin jin sautin jigilar kaya da karɓar ma'aikata, wannan rage hayaniyar yana canza ƙofar daga katsewar sauti zuwa sautin baya wanda ma'aikata ke daina lura da shi bayan makon farko na aiki. Tsarin da aka haɗa - injin, akwatin gear, da firikwensin matsayi na Hall-effect a cikin gida ɗaya mai ƙimar IP54 - kuma yana kawar da tsarin daidaitawa tsakanin sassan injin daban-daban da akwatin gear waɗanda ke ɗaukar babban ɓangare na lokacin shigarwa a cikin tsarin mai sarrafa ƙofa na al'ada.

Rarraba Nauyin Ƙofa: Me Yasa 2x250kg Yana Da Muhimmanci Ga Tsarin Shigarwa

Bayyana ƙarfin mai aiki a matsayin 2x250kg maimakon adadi ɗaya na 500kg yana nuna ainihin tsarin ƙofofin zamiya na masana'antu. Yawancin ƙofofin ɗaukar kaya na rumbun ajiya suna amfani da tsarin raba ɓangarori biyu - bangarori biyu waɗanda ke zamiya daban da tsakiya - tare da kowane faifai yana nauyin 200-300 kg kuma yana hawa kan saitin na'urorin ratayewa da sashinsa na layin tsari. Matsayin 2x250kg yana nufin an tsara mai aiki don tuƙa bangarorin biyu a lokaci guda ta hanyar tsarin tuƙi na bel mai aiki tare, tare da kowane faifai yana ɗaukar nauyin har zuwa 250 kg na kaya akan haɗin tuƙi. Wannan tsarin rarrabawa yana rage yawan abubuwan da aka tattara akan tsarin ginin, yana ba da damar amfani da bayanan hanyar ƙofa na yau da kullun, kuma yana ba da damar aiki - idan panel ɗaya ya toshe saboda tarkace a cikin layin, tsarin kamawa yana cire tuƙin wannan panel yayin da ɗayan panel ɗin sau da yawa ana iya motsa shi da hannu don fita daga gaggawa.

Faɗin ƙofar ƙarfe mai rufin ƙarfe mai tsawon mita 3 da tsayin mita 4, wanda aka gina shi da sandunan sanwici mai kauri 40mm wanda aka ƙarfafa shi da tsarin kewaye na ƙarfe mai galvanized, yana da nauyin kimanin kilogiram 180-220 dangane da ma'aunin ƙarfe da yawan rufin. Irin waɗannan bangarori guda biyu a cikin tsarin raba biyu jimillar kilogiram 360-440, wanda ke cikin ƙimar mai aiki na 2x250kg tare da jin daɗin ɗaukar kaya na 10-28%. Wannan gefen yana ɗaukar nauyin iska (wanda ke ƙara ƙarfin N200-300 akan allon m² 12 a cikin iska mai nisan kilomita 50/h), ƙaramin tarin kankara a cikin shigarwar yanayin sanyi, da kuma ƙaruwar juriya a hankali yayin da man shafawa na hanyar ƙofar ke raguwa tsakanin tazara na kulawa.Kasida mai sarrafa ƙofa ta YFBFya haɗa da cikakkun tebura na lissafin kaya don tabbatar da cewa takamaiman tsarin allon ƙofa, gami da nau'in hanya da yanayin muhalli, ya faɗi cikin ƙimar ƙarfin mai aiki.

Mafi kyawun Ayyuka na Shigarwa ga Masu Aiki da Ƙofofi Masu Nauyi

Kuskuren shigarwa da na fi fuskanta — kuma bisa ga kiran sabis ɗin, wanda ƙungiyar tallafin fasaha tamu ke jagoranta, yana haifar da kusan kashi 35% na duk matsalolin bayan shigarwa — shine rashin daidaiton bel tsakanin firam ɗin fitarwa na mai aiki da kuma rack ɗin tuƙi na ƙofar. Bel ɗin lokaci wanda ke watsa wutar lantarki daga mai aiki zuwa ƙofar dole ne a matsa shi bisa ga ƙayyadaddun masana'anta, wanda ga mai aiki da YF150 shine 120-150 N na tashin hankali mai tsauri akan bel ɗin HTD mai faɗi 15mm. Bel ɗin da ba shi da ƙarfi yana tsallake haƙora yayin matakin hanzari, yana haifar da ƙofa ta yi tsalle, ta tsaya cak, ko ta tsaya a tsakiyar tafiya — kuskuren da mai kula da ƙofar ke fassara a matsayin cikas, yana haifar da juyawa mara amfani. Bel ɗin da aka yi da ƙarfi yana sanya nauyin radial mai yawa akan bearings na shaft na fitarwa na mota, yana hanzarta lalacewa da kuma yiwuwar rage rayuwar sabis da kashi 50% ko fiye.

Ana iya tabbatar da daidaiton matsin lamba ta hanyar gwajin karkatarwa mai sauƙi wanda ba ya buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman. A shafa kimanin ƙarfin N20 (kimanin nauyin nauyin kilogiram 2) a tsakiyar tsakiyar tsawon tsawon bel ɗin da ba a tallafa masa ba. Ya kamata bel ɗin ya karkata 8-10 mm don tsawon tsawon mm 300. Idan karkatarwa ta wuce mm 10, ƙara tashin hankali. Idan karkatarwa ta kasance ƙasa da mm 5, rage tashin hankali. Wannan duba na daƙiƙa 30, wanda aka yi a lokacin shigarwa kuma aka tabbatar a tazara tsakanin watanni 3 da watanni 12 na sabis, yana hana yawancin matsalolin aiki da suka shafi bel.

Shigar da wutar lantarki abu ne mai sauƙi saboda ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 24V. Mai aiki yana buƙatar samar da wutar lantarki ta DC guda ɗaya mai ƙarfin 24V wanda aka ƙididdige shi a 150W (yana samar da iyaka ta 25% sama da matsakaicin jan wutar lantarki ta 120W na motar), haɗawa da tsarin sarrafa ƙofa ta hanyar shigarwar relay mai bushewa don umarnin buɗewa/rufewa/tsayawa, da wayoyi zuwa da'irar firikwensin tsaro - ƙwayoyin hoto ko gefunan aminci masu saurin matsi waɗanda ke gano cikas da haifar da zagayowar tsayawa da juyawa nan take. Saboda komai yana aiki a 24V, duk wayoyi na filin na iya aiki a cikin bututun PVC na yau da kullun ko ma tiren kebul da aka fallasa, wanda ke kawar da buƙatar bututun ƙarfe, akwatunan mahaɗa masu hana yanayi, da kuma alamar lasisin mai lantarki cewa shigarwar ƙofar lantarki ta layi yana buƙata. Don shigar da kayan ajiya mai ƙofofi 4 na yau da kullun, tanadin kuɗin wutar lantarki daga aikin 24V kaɗai yawanci yana tsakanin USD 800 zuwa USD 1,500 idan aka kwatanta da madadin wutar lantarki ta layi.

Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi

Ta yaya zan tantance ko mai aikin ƙofar mai nauyin 2x250kg yana da girman da ya dace da takamaiman tsarin ƙofar da na tsara?

Lissafa jimillar nauyin motsi na tsarin ƙofar ku ta hanyar taƙaita nauyin allon ƙofar (daga ƙayyadaddun masana'anta ko kuma an ƙididdige shi daga girman panel da yawan kayan aiki), nauyin na'urorin ratayewa da maƙallan hawa (yawanci 5-10 kg a kowace panel), da kuma izinin ɗaukar nauyin muhalli. Ga ƙofofi na waje, ƙara 10-15% don matsin iska - allon mita 3 x 4m a cikin kilomita 50/h, abubuwan da iska ke fuskanta 200-300 N na ƙarin ƙarfi da mai aiki dole ne ya shawo kansu. Don shigarwa a yanayin sanyi, ƙara 5% don yuwuwar tarin kankara. Idan nauyin da aka ƙididdige a kowace panel yana cikin 80% na ƙimar 250kg (200 kg), mai aiki yana da isasshen iyaka. Idan sama da 90% (225 kg), yi la'akari da babban mai aiki ko kayan panel masu sauƙi - allon aluminum tare da kumfa polyurethane suna da kusan 40% ƙasa da allon ƙarfe masu daidai.

Me ya bambanta injin YF150 mara gogewa da sauran injinan ƙofa 24V?

YF150 yana haɗa injin DC mara gogewa, na'urar rage tsutsar helical, da na'urar firikwensin matsayi na rotor-effect a cikin wani gida guda ɗaya mai lamba IP54 - yana kawar da tsarin daidaitawa tsakanin sassan injin daban-daban da gearbox waɗanda ke da alhakin babban ɓangare na aikin shigarwa. Na'urar firikwensin tasirin Hall tana ba da daidaitaccen ra'ayi game da matsayin rotor ga mai sarrafa motar, yana ba da damar hanzartawa da rage girman bayanai waɗanda ke rage girgizar injiniya ga allon ƙofa da tsarin waƙa da kashi 30-40% idan aka kwatanta da ikon sarrafa motar mara firikwensin. Tsarin gear na helical yana aiki a ƙasa da 50 dB - shiru har ma'aikatan ajiya da ke aiki a cikin mita 5 daga mai aiki da ƙofar za su iya yin tattaunawa ta yau da kullun ba tare da ɗaga muryoyinsu ba. Pulley ɗin zinc mai synchronous a cikin jirgin tuƙi yana shan girgiza kuma yana tsayayya da tsufa, yana ƙara ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali na aiki na dogon lokaci na tsarin.

Za a iya haɗa mai aiki da tsarin kula da gine-gine da tsaro?

Tsarin sarrafawa na yau da kullun yana karɓar shigarwar busassun bayanai don umarnin buɗewa, rufewa, da tsayawa - wanda ya dace da tashoshin maɓallan turawa, maɓallan maɓalli, na'urori masu auna motsi, madaukai na gano abin hawa, da fitarwa daga tsarin sarrafa gini ko tsarin sarrafa shiga. Wani zaɓi na tsarin sadarwa na RS485 yana ƙara tallafin tsarin Modbus RTU don haɗakar gini ta PLC, yana ba da damar sa ido daga nesa na yanayin ƙofa (buɗewa, rufewa, kuskure), ƙidayar zagayowar don tsara lokacin kulawa bisa ga ainihin amfani maimakon lokacin kalanda, da kuma haɗa ƙofofi da yawa - misali, hana ƙofar ɗaukar kaya rufewa yayin da ma'aunin tashar jiragen ruwa ke aiki. Mai aiki kuma ya haɗa da na'urar ƙidayar rufewa ta atomatik mai shirye-shirye tare da jinkiri na daƙiƙa 1-60 mai daidaitawa, rage asarar kuzari da sanyaya ta ƙofofi a buɗe yayin da yake samar da isasshen lokaci don wucewar abin hawa.

Wane jadawalin kulawa ya kamata rumbun ajiya ya tsara wa waɗannan masu aiki?

Mai aikin ƙofar DC mara gogewa yana buƙatar kulawa kaɗan fiye da madadin injin gogewa, amma wuraren dubawa guda huɗu da aka tsara suna tabbatar da tsawon lokacin aiki. Duk bayan watanni 3, duba bel ɗin tuƙi don lalacewa, fashewa, ko gilashi kuma tabbatar da tashin hankali tare da gwajin karkatarwa (maƙasudin 8-10 mm a ƙarfin 20 N). Duk bayan watanni 6, tsaftace hanyar ƙofar kuma shafa man shafawa na silicone busasshe - ba mai amfani da mai ba, wanda ke jawo ƙurar iska kuma yana samar da manna mai gogewa wanda ke hanzarta lalacewar nadi da waƙa. Kowace shekara, duba na'urorin rataye ƙofa - nadi ɗaya da aka kama yana ƙara ingancin nauyin ƙofa da kashi 10-15%, yana cika mai aiki da yawa. Haka kuma kowace shekara, tabbatar da cewa duk na'urori masu auna aminci suna aiki daidai ta hanyar gwaji tare da toshewa a wurare da yawa a kan hanyar tafiya ƙofa - wannan duka buƙatar kulawa ce kuma, a cikin yankuna da yawa, buƙatar bin ƙa'idodin aminci don ƙofofin masana'antu masu ƙarfi.

Shin mai aiki ya dace da aikace-aikacen rumbun ajiya na waje ko na sanyi?

Eh, tare da kariyar yanayi mai dacewa. Gidan da aka yi wa gwajin IP54 yana kare shi daga feshi da ƙura, wanda ya dace da shigarwa a ƙarƙashin rufin ko matsugunin tashar jiragen ruwa. Ga shigarwar waje da aka fallasa sosai waɗanda ke fuskantar ruwan sama ko dusar ƙanƙara, ana ba da shawarar ƙarin kariya ta yanayi (ƙarfe mai sauƙi ko polycarbonate). Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 24V yana da amfani musamman a waje saboda yana kawar da haɗarin girgizar lantarki daga lalacewar wayoyi - muhimmin la'akari da aminci inda zirga-zirgar forklift akai-akai ke wucewa kusa da mai aiki. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na aiki na -20 zuwa +60 digiri Celsius ya rufe yawancin yanayin ajiya, kuma don shigarwa akai-akai ƙasa da -20 digiri Celsius, zaɓin man shafawa na roba don akwatin gear (ma'aunin zubarwa ƙasa da -40 digiri Celsius) yana tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na fara sanyi ba tare da jinkirin da man shafawa na man fetur na gargajiya ke nunawa a ƙananan yanayin zafi ba.